A peace treaty for the rationality wars? External validity and its relation to normative and descriptive theories of rationality
نویسنده
چکیده
If we know that certain ways of making decisions are associated with real-life success, is this then how we should decide? In this paper the relationship between normative and descriptive theories of decision-making is examined. First, it is shown that the history of the decision sciences ensures that it is impossible to separate descriptive theories from normative ones. Second, recent psychological research implies new ways of arguing from the descriptive to the normative. The paper ends with an evaluation of how this might affect normative theories of decision-making.
منابع مشابه
Jurisprudence and Rationality
There are different concepts of rationality: specific rationality, normative rationality and instrumental rationality whose limitation covers the holistic rationality and represents the fate of rationality in the West. Thus following Hume reason became the slave of feelings and lost its authority for choosing the goal. In Islamic culture reason with its undeniable background in Shariah enjoy...
متن کاملInvestigating the Rationality of Behavioral Economics in Mental Accounting by Studying Laboratory Economics
The purpose of this study is to investigate the rationality of behavioral economics in mental accounting by studying laboratory economics. Undoubtedly, economic man, whose fundamental characteristic is rationality, is the starting point for economic analysis. In conventional economics, the premise of rationality is the cornerstone and the premise of all economic theories. However, critics of ec...
متن کاملMany faces of rationality: Implications of the great rationality debate for clinical decision‐making
Given that more than 30% of healthcare costs are wasted on inappropriate care, suboptimal care is increasingly connected to the quality of medical decisions. It has been argued that personal decisions are the leading cause of death, and 80% of healthcare expenditures result from physicians' decisions. Therefore, improving healthcare necessitates improving medical decisions, ie, making decisions...
متن کاملFrom Rationalism Toward Humanity: Review of Notions Evolution in Urban Planning
By this time there has been a trend in the direction of devolvement in governance and planning. This trend presents a role for inhabitants, a considerable lot of whom have found an opportunity to express their interests for self-assurance; struggling that current governance structures do not satisfactorily outfit their needs and interests. As planning is inseparably connected to power, this fea...
متن کاملWhat Common Ground Exists for Descriptive, Prescriptive, and Normative Utility Theories?
D and normative modeling of decision making under risk and uncertainty have grown apart over the past decade. Psychological models attempt to accommodate the numerous violations of rationality axioms, including independence and transitivity. Meanwhile, normatively oriented decision analysts continue to insist on the applied usefulness of the subjective expected utility (SEU) model. As this gap ...
متن کامل